Eoad scraper



4 Sheets-Sheet 1. M. E. 000K.

ROAD SURAPER.

(No Model) No. 326,719. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

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imam Laud @oa/ PETERS. PhalcrLflhcgmpMr, Washington, 0. c.

(No Model,) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

M. E. 000K.

ROAD SGRAPER. No. 326,719. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

@77 6. W flew-a31 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

M. E. 000K.

ROAD SGRAPBR.

Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

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N. PETERS, PhoXn-Lllhugnphar. Washington, ac.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

M; E. 000K.

ROAD SGRAPER.

No. 326,719. Patented Sept. 22, 1885.

N PETERS. Phaln-Lilhagnplmr. Wasllinghm, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARCUS E. COOK, OF \VALLINGFORD, CONNECTICUT.

ROAD-SCRA PER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 326,719, datedSeptember 22, 1885.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, DIAROUS E, 0001:, ofWallingford, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, haveinvented a new Improvement in Road-Scrapers; and I do hereby declare thefollowing, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings, and theletters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of thisspecification, and represent, in

Figure 1, a top view of the frame-work from the rear forward, theforward wheels and their immediate connections broken away; Fig. 2, theforward wheels and immediate connections shown detached from theframework, the two figures making a top view complete; Figs. 3 and 4,side views of the same, Figs. 1 and 2, respectively; Fig. 5, atransverse section immediatelyin front of the scraper, also showing avertical section of the lock portion of the vertical slide I; Fig. 6,the forward axle and its immediate connections detached, to illustrateits adjustments and the plow attachment; Fig. 7, a top view of theguidef, showing the rear end of the apparatus and the socket to which itis hung, enlarged; Fig. 8,a longitudinal section through the arm of thesocket, showing a portion of the locking-bar enlarged; Fig. 9, anoutline view showing the scraper as turned for bankcutting work, and theadjustment of the forward wheels, accordingly, on a reduced scale.

This invention relates to an improvement in apparatus used in making andgrading roadways, commonly called road-scrapers, and particularly tothat class in which the scraper is mounted on four wheels, adjustable todifferent elevations and to different angles to the path of movement,the object of the invention being to simplify the construe tion of themachine, make the scraper readily adjustable to extreme positions, andgenerally to increase the utility of the machine; and it consists in theconstruction, as hereinafter described, and more particularly recited inthe claims.

The frame-work is composed of two string pieces,AA, with suitableconnections, B,'between them to form a strong frame-work. Thisframe-work is mounted on a pair of wheels, C C, at the rear, the axle ofwhich is fixed, and at the forward end is supported on a fifth-wheel, D,on an axle, E, carrying wheels F F, the forward axle and wheels providedwith a suitable pole, G, by which animals may be attached to draw theapparatus.

At each side of the framework A a segmental shaped track, H, isarranged. This track is of fiat metal, of suitable size to support thescraper, the two ends of each segment secured to the respective sides ofthe frame-work, and in the same plane, and so that the two segments forma part of the same circle.

At diametrically-opposite points vertical slides I J are arranged inguides K, and so as to be moved freely up and down in the said guides.These guides are best formed of iron bands, which surround the slides,and as seen in Figs. 1 and 5.

To the lower end of the vertical slides a scraper, L, is pivoted, as atM. (See Figs. 3 and 5.) This scraper is made from metal or othersuitable material, and of any desirable shape. It is pivoted to thevertical slides in order that either end may be raised or depressed topresent the edge of the scraper at an angle to the plane of the surfaceover which the machine is being moved.

The guides K, which support theslides I J, are attached to or formed asa part of saddles a, which saddles embrace the segmental tracks H, asseen in Fig. 5, and carry anti-friction rolls 7) above and below thetrack, as seen in Fig. 5.

In rear of the scraper and of the guides I is a cross-piece, N, againstwhich the vertical slides be'ar, as seen in Fig. 1. This cross-piece N(seen in broken lines, Fig. 5) is hung to a crosspiece, P, in theframe-work above, by a vertical bolt, d, (see Fig. 5,) in the actualcenter of the segmental track, and which serves as a center pin, aroundwhich the scraper with its vertical slides I J may swing. From the crosspiece N braces R extend rearward, one on each side, the braces hinged tothe crosspiece, and also hinged at their rear end to a socket, e, whichsocket is arranged upon a longitudinal rod,f, on the side of anauxiliary frame-work, S, below the main frame-work and in the same planewith the cross piece N, and so that as the scraper is turned to aposition angularly across the frame-work, as indicated in broken lines,Fig. 1, one of the braces will move rear- Ward and the other forward, asindicated in that figure, their rear end being guided. by the respectiverods f.

From the saddles a arms 71. extend inward and upward, and carry betweenthem a toothed wheel, T, one at each side, and so that each Works into acorresponding toothed rack on the vertical slides, as seen in Fig. 5. Tothe shaft of each of the gears T a lever, U, is hung, arranged to turnupon the same axis as the wheel, and each lever is provided with a bolt,2', adapted to engage the teeth of the respective wheels. These boltsare operated by a hand-piece, l, on the lever, so that the hand graspingthe lever and the hand-piece, the bolt may be withdrawn from the wheeland the hand-piece left free, the bolt will engage the teeth of thewheel at the position where the lever at that time may happen to stand,a common and well-known device for engaging the teeth of a pinion with alever, and so that when engaged, if the lever be turned, the wheel mustturn accordingly; butifthe bolt bewithdrawn, then the lever may turnindependent of the wheel. When, therefore, it is desired to raise thescraper, the wheels are engaged and turned accordingly; or, if one endis to be raised or lowered, the wheel at that side is turnedaccordingly.

To lock the scraper at any position to which it may be desirable to setit, a bolt, m, is arranged, one at each side in the saddle, and adaptedto enter between the teeth of the rack, as seen at the left in Fig. 5.From this bolt a connection, n, extends to one arm, 0, of a bell-cranklever, the other arm, 1, forming a convenient foot-piece upon which theopera tor may place his feet to withdraw the bolts when occasionrequires; but when left free, theboltsunderthe action ofaspringarethrown outward into the teeth of the racks, and so as to hold them inwhatever position they may be so engaged.

To the cross-piece N a platform, W, is attached, and so as to turn withit and the s raper in its rotation. Upon this platform the operator maystand to adjust the scraper, as occasion may require during the movementof the apparatus.

1n rear of the platform W is an auxiliary platform supported from theframe-work, as seen in Fig. 3. The forward edge of this platform Xoverlaps the platform W, so that the operator may conveniently step fromone to the other, and stand upon whichever may be most convenient forthe time being in the operation of the machine.

To look the scraper at angles to which it may be set, a bar, If, isarranged at each side longitudinally overthe socket e, as seen in Fig.3. These bars are hung to one arm, 2, of a lever, supported on afulcrum, 3, in the frame-work above, the other arm, 4, extending overthe platform X and terminating in a suitable foot-piece, 5, upon whichthe operator may readily place his foot, and so that by depressing thatend of the. lever, as seen in Fig. 3, the bar it will be elevated. Theunder edge of the bar t is provided with notches 6, more or lessinnumber, and at different positions, so that as the bar is dropped, asindicated in broken lines, Fig. 8, it will fall upon the arm of thesocket, and so engage that arm as to prevent its movement while sointerlocked with the bar t,- but when the lockingbar is raised, as seenin Fig. 8, then the socket is free to be moved under the rotativemovement of the scraper.

In many cases it is desirable to use the scraper to dig into a bank atone side as a plow. To this end the scraper is turned to present the endof the scraper forward which is to attack the bank, and, as indicated inFig.9, this position brings the end of the scraper into the line of thewheel directly in advance of it; hence it cannot in that position act toso dig into the bank, as the wheel must go in advance of it. To enablethe scraper when thus arranged to attack the bank, I construct theforward axle, E, adjustable longitudinally to different positions, andfor this purpose it is arranged in a socket, 7, so as to be movedlongitudinally through it, and may be locked at any position by meansofa pin, 8, introduced through the socket and axle, so that the axlewill be held in that position. When, therefore, it is desirable to cutinto a bank, as before mentioned, the axle is disengaged in its socketand moved in a direction away from the point of the scraper, asindicated in Fig. 9, and in broken lines, Fig. 6, leaving the end of thescraper exposed outside the path of the forward wheel, but yetsubstantially in the path of the rear wheel, and by which arrangementthe power of the draft on the machine is applied in a most directmanner, and the tendency of the advancing machine is to hold the scraperup to its work. If the opposite end of the scraper is desired for use,then the forward axle with its wheels is adjusted to the opposite side.By this arrangement the scraper may be utilized to great advantage incutting down banks alongside a roadway.

In making roads a plow is an essential implement to be used; but it isoften difficult to draw the plow in the desired path, for the reasonthat it must run substantially in the central line of draft. To adapt aportion of the machine to be used in the auxiliary work of plowing,I-provide the forward axle with a plow attachment. This consists of asegmentshaped arm, 9, hung by one end to the axle socket or support, asat 10, the outer end of the arm carrying an eye, 11, or other suitabledevice to which the plow may be attached, as

seen in Fig. 6; and combined with this arm 1 so as to support the arm inthe position for drawing the plow. The path in which the plow will bedrawn with relation to the wheels may be varied by constructing the armwith a series of holes, and the brace with corresponding holes throughwhich a pin may be intro duced, as at 14., to interlock the arm andbrace, and so that the arm maybe adjusted, as indicated in broken lines.

To change the path or direction of the plow the arm and brace may beadjusted to the opposite side, as indicated in broken lines, Fig. 6, sothat they are adapted to hold the plow upon either side of the centerline of draft.

To provide a seat for the driver, and which may enable him always tomaintain the same relative position to the horses, I arrange a seat, 15,supported directly from the pole or gearing of the forward wheels, andso that it will turn with the forward aXle and independent of thatportion of the frame-work of the machine which is hung to the forwardaxle,and so that the driver will always sit in the same relativeposition to the animals drawing the machine.

As the surface over which the machine is drawn is uneven, inclining toone side or the other, and changing frequently and to a veryconsiderable extent, it is difficult for the driver to retain his seat.To aid him in retaining his seat, I hang the seat 15 upon a horizontallongitudinal axis, 16, below the seat, and so that the seat may rock tothe right or left, and so that as either of the wheels drop or rise thenatural movement of the driver will cause the seat to rock and maintainits properlevel and avoid the tendency of the movements of the wheels tothrow the driver from his seat.

The particular construction of the scraperis immaterial to my invention,it only being essential that it shall be hung to the vertical slides,each independent of the other, whereby it may be not only verticallyadjusted, but adjusted to any desired angle of elevation.

Instead of employing the toothed wheels T and the levers working thereinas the means for raising and lowering the slides I J, other knownequivalents may be substituted there for.

I claim 1. In a road-scraping apparatus, the framework A A, supportedupon wheels and constructed with segment-shaped tracks H H, combinedwith the saddles a a, carrying guides K K, the vertical slides I J,arranged in said guides, the scraper hung to said vertical slides andlevers adapted to raise or lower the said slides and thereby adjust theelevation of the scraper, substantially as described.

2. In aroad-scraper, the frame-work A, supported on wheels and providedwith the segment-shaped tracks H, saddles a, arranged to travel uponsaid tracks carrying guides diametrically opposite each other, verticalslides I J, arranged in said guides, the scraper L, pivoted to saidslides, the said slides each constructed with a toothed rack, toothedwheels T, corresponding to said racks and hung upon said saddles, withlevers adapted to engage said toothed wheels for the vertical adjustmentof the scraper, substantially as described.

.3. In a road-scraper, the frame-work A, supported on wheels andprovided with the segment-shaped tracks H, saddles an, arranged totravel upon said tracks carrying guides diametrically opposite eachother, vertical slides I J, arranged in said guides, the scraper L,pivoted to said slides, the said slides each constructed with a toothedrack, bolts m, adapted to engage the teeth of the respective racks, andfoot-levers in connection with said bolts, whereby the said bolts may bedrawn from their engagement with the racks,substantially as described.

4. A frame-work supported upon wheels constructed with segment-shapedtracks H, saddles a (1, arranged diametrically opposite each other onsaid segments, said saddles carrying anti-friction rolls b to travelupon said tracks, the said saddles also carrying guides K, verticalslides I J, arranged in said guides, scraper L, pivoted to said slides,and levers adapted to vertically adjust the said slides and scraper,substantially as described.

5. In a road-scraper, the combination of the frame-work arranged uponwheels, a transverse support carrying a scraper hung upon a pivot so asto rotate in a horizontal plane, braces It R, hung to said support andextending rearward, their rear end hung in sockets e, the said socketsarranged to slide on horizontal guides, substantially as described.

6. In a road-scraper, the combination of the frame-work arrangedupon-wheels, a transverse support carrying a scraper hung upon a pivotso as to rotate in a horizontal plane, braces R R, hung to said supportand extending rearward, their rear end hung in sockets e, the saidsockets arranged to slide on horizontal guides, with a locking-bar, t,adapted to engage the said socket at different positions, substantiallyas described.

7. In a road-scraper, the combination of the frame-work arranged uponwheels, the transverse support carrying a scraper hungupon a pivot so asto rotate in a horizontal plane, platform IV, attached to said supportand so as to rotate'therewith,with the fixed platform X in rear of saidplatform \V, substantially as described.

8. In a road-scraper, the frame-work hung upon a pair of wheels at therear and a corresponding pair at the front, a scraper hung to theframe-work between the front and rear wheels and adapted for verticaladjustment and also for rotation in a horizontal plane, so as to be setat varying angles to the path of movement of the wheels, the forwardaxle IIO scraper between, the adjustable arm 9 and made adjustablelongitudinally, whereby the brace 12, attached to the forward axle, andthe no path of the said wheels may be changed with relation to the pathof the rear wheels and to plow hung to said arm, substantially as andthe scraper, substantially as and for the purfor the purpose described.1 5 pose described. MARCUS E. COOK.

9. In a road-scraper consisting of a frame- Witnesses:

work hung upon two wheels at the rear and HENRY MARTIN, two wheels atthe front with the adjustable HENRY L. HALL, 2d.

